Stand By Me Translated Into Graedjoan Giantish

Here is Ben E. King's "Stand By Me," translated into Graedjoan Giantish.

English:

When the night has come
And the land is dark
And the moon is the only light we'll see
No, I won't be afraid
Oh, I won't be afraid
Just as long as you stand
Stand by me

So darlin', darlin'
Stand by me, oh, stand by me
Oh, stand, stand by me
Stand by me

If the sky that we look upon
Should tumble and fall
Or the mountain should crumble to the sea
I won't cry, I won't cry
No, I won't shed a tear
Just as long as you stand
Stand by me

And darlin', darlin'
Stand by me, oh, stand by me
Oh, stand now, stand by me
Stand by me

Darlin', darlin'
Stand by me, oh, stand by me
Oh, stand now, stand by me
Stand by me
Whenever you're in trouble, won't you stand by me?
Oh, stand by me
Won't you stand now?
Oh, stand, stand by me

Gloss:

when ABS.night arrive.NPST.PERF
CONJ ABS.land dark
CONJ 3PL.ERG fated.NPST see.NPST light.ACC GEN.moon
NEG, ABS.1SG NEG fear.NPST
oh, ABS.1SG NEG fear.NPST
while 2SG.ERG stand.NPST 1SG.ADE
stand.NPST 1SG.ADE

so lover.ERG lover.ERG
stand.NPST 1SG.ADE, oh, stand.PST 1SG.ADE
oh, stand.NPST, stand.NPST 1SG.ADE
stand.NPST 1SG.ADE

COND night-sky.ACC 1PL.ERG see.NPST
fated.NPST thunder.NPST CONJ sink.NPST
CONJ ABS.mountain fated.NPST sink.NPST INE.ocean
ABS.1SG NEG go.NPST cry.NPST, ABS.1SG NEG go.NPST cry.NPST
NEG, 1SG.ERG go.NPST bleed.NPST tear.ACC
while 2SG.ERG stand.NPST 1SG.ADE
stand.NPST 1SG.ADE

so lover.ERG lover.ERG
stand.NPST 1SG.ADE, oh, stand.PST 1SG.ADE
oh, stand.NPST, stand.NPST 1SG.ADE
stand.NPST 1SG.ADE

lover.ERG lover.ERG
stand.NPST 1SG.ADE, oh, stand.PST 1SG.ADE
oh, stand.NPST, stand.NPST 1SG.ADE
stand.NPST 1SG.ADE
at-all-times that 2SG.POSS POSD.PL.problem, 2SG.ERG NEG go.NPST stand.NPST 1SG.ADE
oh, stand.NPST 1SG.ADE
2SG.ERG NEG go.NPST stand.NPST now
Oh, stand.NPST, stand.NPST 1SG.ADE

Translation:

zhe berelo warnyrd
uzg bedug mjolnjud
uzg dzadza zol rog wiced cyrem
gax, bezo gax mezyn
da, bezo gax mezyn
jizd dje bwal zoirr*
bwal zoirr.

max wabirr, wabirr
bwal zoirr, da, bwal zoirr
da bwal, bwal zoirr
bwal zoirr

ba remorred zo rog
zol vizwenax uzg ozidax
ba begul zol ozidax dzibumumzi
bezo gax bwav mumax, bezo gax bwav mumax
gax, zo bwav volex** mumaled
jizd dje bwal zoirr
bwal zoirr

max wabirr, wabirr
bwal zoirr, da, bwal zoirr
da bwal, bwal zoirr
bwal zoirr.

wabirr, wabirr
bwal zoirr, da, bwal zoirr
da bwal, bwal zoirr
bwal zoirr
alenz elg djedyv gylwiwilin, dje gax bwav bwal zoirr
da, bwal zoirr
dje gax bwav bwal oiv
da, bwal, bwal zoirr.

*This translates roughly to "by me." It is an irregular form, in that it changes the vowel of the 1SG form "zo" to "oi," and then just adds the trilled "rr."

**This is the verbal form of the word for fear, "vole." Normally, to verbalize a noun, you would need to add the suffix "-ax." However, due to the vowel already existing at the end of the word, the "a" is deleted, instead of inserting filler vowel.

The Last Goodbye in Graedjoan Giantish

Here is a translation of "The Last Goodbye," from The Lord of the Rings, into Graedjoan Giantish. If you have not heard the song, I highly recommend the Billy Boyd version or the Clamavi de Profundis rendition.

English:

I saw the light fade from the sky
On the wind I heard a sigh
As the snowflakes cover
My fallen brothers
I will say this last goodbye

Night is now falling
So ends this day
The road is now calling
And I must away

Over hill and under tree
Through lands where never light has shone
By silver streams that run down to the sea

Under cloud, beneath the stars
Over snow and winter's morn
I turn at last to paths that lead home

And though where the road then takes me,
I cannot tell
We came all this way
But now comes the day
To bid you farewell

Many places I have been
Many sorrows I have seen
But I don't regret
Nor will I forget
All who took that road with me

Night is now falling
So ends this day
The road is now calling
And I must away

Over hill, and under tree
Through lands where never light has shone
By silver streams that run down to the sea

To these memories I will hold
With your blessing I will go
To turn at last to paths that lead home

And though where the road then takes me,
I cannot tell
We came all this way
But now comes the day
To bid you farewell

I bid you all a very fond farewell

Gloss:

[VERSE 1]
1SG.ERG see.PST light.ACC fade.NPST INE.day-time-sky
1SG.ERG hear.PST sigh.ACC wind.ADE
while ABS.snow cover.NPST
PL.brother.ACC dead.ADJZ GEN.1SG
1SG.ERG go.NPST say.NSPT this goodbye.ACC end.ADJZ

[CHORUS]
ABS.night REFL.rise.NPST.PROG now
thus this ABS.day die.NPST.PROG
ABS.road pull.NPST.PROG now
CONJ 1SG.ERG obligated.NPST go.NPST

hill.SUP CONJ tree.SUB
INE.PL.land where ABS.light NEG ever light.PST
PL.stream.ADE silver that run.NPST sea.ACC

[VERSE 2]
cloud.SUB, PL.star.SUB
snow.SUP CONJ morning.SUP GEN.winter
1SG.ERG turn.NPST end.ADJZ PL.path.ACC that lead.NPST home.DAT

[VERSE 3]
CONJ however where road.ERG take.NPST 1SG.ACC,
ABS.1SG NEG able.NPST tell.NPST
(3PL)REFL.come.PST totality.ACC GEN.road
however ABS.day arrive.NPST now
1SG.ERG obligated.NPST give.NPST goodbye.ACC 2SG.DAT

[VERSE 4]
ABS.1SG travel.PST.PERF INE.PL.place many
1SG.ERG see.PST.PERF PL.sorrow.ACC many
however ABS.1SG NEG regret.NPST
CONJ 1SG.ERG NEG go.NPST NEG remember.NPST
all.ERG who travel.PST that road.ACC 1SG.DAT

[CHORUS]

[VERSE 5]
1SG.ERG go.NPST hold.NPST these PL.memory.ACC
1SG.ERG go.NPST go.NPST blessing.INSTR GEN.2SG
1SG.ERG go.NPST.PROG turn.NPST end.ADJZ PL.path.ACC that lead.NPST home.DAT

[VERSE 6]
CONJ however where road.ERG lead.NPST 1SG.ACC,
ABS.1SG NEG able.NPST tell.NPST
(3PL)REFL.come.PST totality.ACC GEN.road
however ABS.day arrive.NPST now
1SG.ERG obligated.NPST give.NPST goodbye.ACC 2SG.DAT

[REFRAIN]
1SG.ERG give.NPST goodbye.ACC end.ADJZ 2SG.DAT

Translation:

zo rogva wiced zunremax dzizonorr
zo caviva djoved rugirr
jidz bebja izd
ceceled gedzjud cyzo
zo bwav yrn juv adoged vodjud

berelo adjedumboxguv oiv
ce juv bedamvi gedzguv
benul dhinguv oiv
uzg zo jag bwav

gulaliz uzg conlom
dzidudug dhoi bewic gax alenz wicaxiva
nunulalirr veljud elg ruguva bumumziged

guldlom zuzunalom
bjajiz uzg ralangojiz rarem
zo gom vodjud nunuled elg welv budzun

uzg idzh dhoi nul vold zoged
bezo gax lenz yrn
adzadzawarnva buxonzed cynul
idzh bedamvi warnva oiv
zo jag codze adoged djerun

bezo nulaxivadyrd dzirrorr gind
zo rogvadyrd vizmjimjidoxed gind
idzh bezo gax mjimjidax
uzg zo gax bwav gax gloglovynax
xon ivin nulaxiva elg nuled zorun

berelo adjedumboxguv oiv
ce juv bedamvi gedzguv
benul dhinguv oiv
uzg zo jag bwav

gulaliz uzg conlom
dzidudug dhoi bewic gax alenz wicaxiva
nunulalirr veljud elg ruguva bumumziged

zo bwav dzar vjeld gloglovyned
zo bwav bwav mejindoxurr cydje
zo bwavyrd gom vodjud nunuled welv budzun

uzg idzh dhoi nul welv zoged
bezo gax lenz yrn
adzdzawarnva buxonziged cynul
izdh bedamvi warn oiv
zo jag codze adoged vodjud djerun

zo codze adoged vodjud djerun

Graedjoan Giantish Kinship Terms 1

Here are (some of) the kinship terms of Graedjoan Giantish:

baba - A Father

mumu -- A Mother

cel -- A Brother; A male first cousin.

muz -- A Sister; A female first cousin.

ica -- A grandmother

djav -- A  grandfather.

nim -- An aunt; A related woman of the same generation as the parents of the speaker.

girr -- An uncle; A related man of the same generation as the parents of the speaker.

vordz -- A non-first cousin of the same generation as the speaker.

viznim -- A great aunt; A genetically related woman of the same generation as the grandparents of the speaker.

vizgirr -- A great uncle; A related man of the same generation as the grandparents of the speaker.

bwoga -- A child; A pet*; A person, regardless of relationship status to the speaker, that is younger than the speaker, typically of a younger generation.

nevyr -- A son.

mizyr -- A daughter.

mizyral -- A granddaughter.

nevyral -- A grandson.

vordzal -- A related person of the generation after the speaker's generation that is not the child, niece, nor nephew of the speaker.

bwogal -- A niece; A nephew; The child of the speaker's siblings.

aldym -- A spouse.

uvale -- A sibling.

cunz -- A caretaker; A guardian.

bubirrzi -- A family. Literally, a collection of love.

*The term for child and pet are the same not because children are seen as pets, but because pets are seen as children.

The Creation of the World, the First Giants, the Betrayal, and the Coming of the Young Giants

The Creation of the World, the First Giants, the Betrayal, and the Coming of the Young Giants

In the beginning, there was Indal, the Great Mother, who lived alone in the waters of chaos. The waters filled her, and after a time, she gave birth the Great Mountain, known as Vizgul, the moon, Rem, the sun, Zun, and the stars. But Vizgul was made without anything on it. It was empty, devoid life or form. This saddened Indal, and she cried, her tears falling to the world. As they fell, the waters of chaos infused themselves with them, and as they hit the world, they created all of the mountains and valleys, the rivers and oceans, the plants and animals. This filled Indal with joy, as she was able to see her children thrive. However, with time, she grew tired of not being able to speak with anyone. She could not have discussions about life, or love, or the beauty of the world. There was no sentient life on Vizgul. Absent from this world were giantoids.

So, Indal decided to change this. She went down to Vizgul, and in a river valley, she took a mountain, and shrunk it down to the size of a giant. She shaped it to look like her, in her glorious form. But her child did not have any limbs, only a frame. She looked around her, thinking of what to do, and looked at a small tree. She took from it four branches, which she affixed to her child, creating arms and legs. She then took leaves from the tree, and created fingers and toes. Finally, fully formed, she kissed her child upon her brow, and poured her love into her, giving her life. Thus was how Wondul, the Good Daughter, was born.

Indal loved Wondul greatly, and they lived for a long time together on Vizgul. However, Wondul was unhappy. She loved her mother, but she did not have any brothers or sisters to play with or to talk to. After many years, she finally told her mother about her sadness. Indal told Wondul that she had not considered having more children, but she was at once filled with gaiety at the thought of having even more children in which to converse with and to love. So, Indal set to work, and created the first giants, the Indaled Cynoigyn. Chief among these first giants was Mjegunezyl.

The first giants lived for many years together, and they built a great civilization, with the Great Mother as their leader. However, ambition had rooted itself in the heart of Mjegunezyl. He grew envious of his mother and the power that she had. So he began to plot against her. He talked about all of the great things that he could bring to the world, and to the Indaled Cynoigyn if he had the power of Indal. Soon, he was able to win several other first giants to his side, known as the Mjegunezyled Cynoigyn and when he thought his power was enough, he moved to take power away from Indal.

Mjegunezyl and his followers came to the palace of Indal in the night, and while she was asleep, he killed her. The next morning, he declared himself Vizbaba, the Great Father. But save for his followers, his brothers and sisters rejected Mjegunezyl’s rule. Led by Wondul, those first giants still loyal to Indal fought back against the tyranny of the Vizbaba. This led to time of great strife, known as Vizgwax, or the Great Injury.

At the end of this time, all but Wondul and Mjegunezyl. Mjegunezyl had just slain the last of the free first giants, and had Wondul on the ground, and the mercy of his blade. Filled with cruelty and malice, he raped Wondul, filling her with his seed, and impregnating her. For the next nine months, Wondul lived as Mjegunezyl’s slave, until it came time for her to give birth. After a month of labor, Wondul gave birth to a hundred children, the first of the current giants, the Wagugul Gyval. During the final hours of her giving birth, Wondul knew that she would not live through the process, and thus, plotted to kill her brother. She waited for him to grab the last child, and as she pushed it out, she pushed a blade of stone that she had made in secret into the back of Mjegunezyl, killing him.

As both Mjegunezyl and Wondul left Vizgul, they arrived in the world after the world, Indalorr, where Indal awaited them. They stood before her, in Indalorr, and she cried before them. Indal told Mjegunezyl that he had done awful things, and asked him why he had been so evil. Mjegunezyl spat at her, and told her that it was her fault for making the world unequal. Taken aback, Indal split the world after the world in two, and cast Mjegunezyl, the Fallen Son, into the lower reaches, now known as Mjegunezlorr. She bound him there, and told him that his task was to take those who had strayed as he had, and to help them understand the wrongs that they had done. If he did this, then he would eventually be able to return to Indalorr.

Then, Indal turned to her daughter, Wondul. Again, she cried, embracing her daughter. She told her daughter how much she loved her, and how sorry she was that Wondul had to undergo the horrific things that Mjegunezyl did to her. In return for her devotion and goodness, Indal split Indalorr again, created another realm for Wondul, now known as Wondulorr. It would be Wondul’s to rule over for all of time. She was tasked by Indal to help those who had done wrong, who acknowledged their wrongdoing, and were wanting to make amends to do so, so that they might one day rejoin the Great Mother in Indalorr.

Back down on Vizgul, the Wagugul Gyval spread, given protection by Indal and Wondul. Unlike their first giant foremothers, the Wagugul Gyval did not have immortal lives. Still blessed with longevity, they were still fated a mortal existence. Those that were rightious, that were loving and good, were to rejoin Indal in the afterlife. Those who had done awful things, but wanted to redeem themselves would go to Wondul. And those who were wicked and held no remorse for their actions, those few would go to Mjegunezyl.

Thus is how the world was made, and what happens to us when we die.

Mival, Waguled Cycov Balden, A Giant's Fable

Here is a giant fable, written originally in Giantish, and then translated into English.

mival, waguled cycov balden

bewagul angova, mival uvenaxiva, ce dzadyv gylcov balden.

baba uzg mumu cydza birraxiva viz dzaged,

idzh, oce wagygyval gax birraxiva dzaged.

uzg dzibove, dzadza gwaxiva dzaged evozurr uzg meconurr.

bemival mumax, idzh dza gax yrnva babaged uzg mumuged cydza,

ce mival birraxiva wagwagwax, uzg dza vodva avaled cydza dzadzarun.

uzg zhe bexon cydzadza gedzva,

bemival warniva dziindalorr

uzg bewagwagwax cydza warniva dzimjegunezlorr.

dzivo dzadzaged bwalva cem memezded gind,

loiv dzadza bolva dzadzaged zvadvadyrd bebezun mjeg

uzg evyn bolva, dzadza bwaviva dziwondulorr

dzivo dzadza dlinva indoxed uzg birred

uzg evyn juv, dzadza bwaviva dziindalorr

uzg vo, dzadza bizgava mivaled vodva avalun cydza dzadzarun

idzh, mival yrnva dzadzaged gax

ce gax dzadyv gylaval dzadzaged.

bedzadza adzadzagombva il bewabibirral

Indal yrn gax bax dzizilorrr, ce djedyv gylzilorr zol zunremax baxorred

Gloss:

fruit.DIM giant GEN.skin purple

ABS.giant borne.PST, fruit.DIM name.VBZ.PST because 3SG.POSS POSD.skin purple.

father.ERG CONJ mother.ERG GEN.3SG love.VBZ.PST great 3SG.ACC.

but other PL.child NEG love.VBZ.PST 3SG.ACC

CONJ 3PL.ERG INE.secret, injure.PST 3SG.ACC fire.INSTR CONJ club.INSTR.

ABS.fruit.DIM cry.PST, but 3SG.ERG NEG speak.PST father.ACC CONJ mother.ACC GEN.3SG

because fruit.DIM.ERG love.PAST PL.injuror, CONJ 3SG.ERG end.PST judgement.ACC GEN.3SG
3PL.DAT.

CONJ when ABS.all GEN.3PL die.PST

ABS.fruit.DIM arrive.PST INE.indalor

CONJ ABS.PL.injurer GEN.3SG arrive.PST INE.mjegunezlorr

INE.there 3PL.ACC stay.PST for PL.year.ACC many

until 3PL.ERG know.PAST 3PL.ACC do.PST.PERF PL.thing.DAT evil

CONJ after know.PST, 3PL.ERG go.PST INE.wondulorr

INE.there 3PL.ERG learn.PST good.NMZ.ACC CONJ love.ACC

CONJ after this, 3PL.ERG go.PST INE.indalorr

CONJ there, 3PL.ERG ask.PST fruit.DIM.ACC end.PST judgement.DAT GEN.3SG 3PL.DAT

however, fruit.DIM speak.PST 3PL.ACC NEG

because, NEG 3SG.PSS PSD.judgement 3PL.ACC

ABS.3PL REFL.embrace.PST like ABS.PL.friend.

indal.ERG say.NPST NEG hate.NPST INE.love-place because you.PSS PSD.love-place fated.NPST fade.NPST hate-place.ACC

Translation:

Mival, the Purple Giant

A giant was born, named Mival, because of his purple skin*.

His father and his mother loved him very much,

But the other children did not love him.

In secret, they injured him with fire and club.

Mival cried, but he did not tell his father and his mother,

Because Mival loved his attackers, and forgave them.

And when they all died,

Mival went to Indalorr,

And his attackers went to Mjegunezlorr.

There they stayed for many years,

Until they understood that they had done evil things.

And after they understood, they went to Wondulorr.

There, they learned goodness and love,

And after this, they went to Indalorr.

And there, they begged Mival to forgive them.

But Mival said no,

Because he did not judge them.

They embraced as friends.

Indal says not to hate in your heart**, because your heart will become a place of hate***

*This does not make sense in English, but “Mival” translates directly to “little fruit,” which could be purple.

**Heart translated directly into “love-place,” which makes more sense in the original Giantish.

***The direct translation would be “hate-place,” however, this does not conform to standard English.

Pippin's Song Translated into Graedjoan Giantish

Here is Pippin's Song from "The Lord of the Rings: Return of the King," translated into Graedjoan Giantish. Enjoy!

English

Home is behind, the world ahead

And there are many paths to tread

Through shadow, to the edge of night

Until the stars are all alight

Mist and shadow

Cloud and shade

All shall fade

All shall fade

Gloss:

home.ACC behind ABS.1SG, world.ACC ahead ABS.1SG

CONJ 1SG.POSS POSD.PL.path many COND walk.NPST

INE.shadow, shore.ADE GEN.night,

until ABS.all GEN.PL.star light.NPST

ABS.mist CONJ ABS.shadow

ABS.cloud CONJ ABS.shadow

ABS.all fated.NPST fade.NPST

ABS.all fated.NPST fade.NPST

Translation:

budzed oirre* bezo, vizguled ubre** bezo

uzg zodyv gylnunul gind ba dlev.

dzizhov, ziloirr cyrelo,

loiv bexon cyzuzunal wicax.

beguldug uzg bezhov

beguld uzg bezhov

bexon zol zunremax***

bexon zol zunremax.

*The word “oirre” comes from the word for valley, “rexan” and the word for low, being “ozi,” which together make the word “ozirexan,” or Down Valley. This eventually morphed into the word “oirre,” meaning behind.

**The word “ubre” comes from the word for valley, "rexan" and the word for high, being "umb," which together make for word "umbrexan," or Up Valley. This eventually morphed into the word "ubre," meaning ahead.

***An interesting tidbit about the word “zunremax.” It is comprised of three separate morphemes. There is the morpheme “zun” meaning sun, “rem” meaning moon, and “-ax” which is a verbalizer. “zun” and “rem” together make a compound noun meaning dusk, twilight, or dawn. The reason then that “zunremax” means to fade is that it as at dusk/twilight/dawn that the day is fading into the night, or that the night is fading into the day.

Fire and Ice Graedjoan Giantish Translation

Here is a Translation of Robert Frost's poem, "Fire and Ice," into Graedjoan Giantish. There is not too much going on here that is irregular (though those are bolded). However, note that the words for anger and hate are the same, as well as to destroy and destruction. While this was completely accidental, I think it also makes a degree of sense, as they are not a war-loving people. The reason that these verbs/nouns are irregular in this way is because you cannot have "-ax" and then "-ax" or "-ox." So instead, these words just remain, as in the case of hate, "bax." in both forms.

English:

Some say the world will end in fire,

Some say in ice.

From what I’ve tasted of desire

I hold with those who favor fire.

But if it had to perish twice,

I think I know enough of hate

To say that for destruction ice

Is also great

And would suffice.

Gloss:

some.ERG speak.NPST ABS.world fated.NPST end.NPST INE.fire,

some.ERG speak.NPST INE.ice.

from what 1SG.ERG taste.PST.PERF desire.ACC

1SG.ERG agree.NPST INE.3PL who prefer.NPST fire.ACC.

but COND 3SG.ACC obligated-to.NPST die.NPST two.ADJZ,

1SG.ERG think.NPST 1SG know.NPST hate.ACC enough

speak.NPST ABS.destruction GEN.ice great too

CONJ COND fated.NPST enough.VBZ.NPST

Translation:

glin yrn bevizgul zol vod dzilevoz

glin yrn dzivuzh

ulv coi zo marlvadyrd gevooxed

zo buzhd dzidzadza ivin mocyl evozed

idzh ba dzadzaged jag gedz vjebjud

zo dyng bol bax bovyl

yrn givax cyvuzh viz xad

uzg ba zol bovylox

The Opening Monologue from The Fellowship of the Ring in Graedjoan Giantish

Here is a translation of the opening monologue from The Fellowship of the Ring. Irregular words have been bolded.

English

It began with the forging of the Great Rings. 

Three were given to the Elves, immortal, wisest and fairest of all beings. 

Seven to the Dwarf-Lords, great miners and craftsmen of the mountain halls. 

And nine, nine rings were gifted to the race of Men, who above all else desire power. 

For within these rings was bound the strength and the will to govern each race. 

But they were all of them deceived, for another ring was made. 

Deep in the land of Mordor, in the Fires of Mount Doom, the Dark Lord Sauron forged a master ring in secret, and into this ring he poured his cruelty, his malice and his will to dominate all life. 

One ring to rule them all.

Gloss

start.IMPER creation.INSTR GEN.PL.circle great. 

three give.PST.PERF PL.elf.ACC, NEG death.ADJZ, more wise CONJ more beautiful than all.DAT GEN.PL.being. 

Seven give.PST.PERF PL.lord.ACC GEN.dwarf, GEN.PL.miner CONJ GEN.PL.craftsman great GEN.PL.hall GEN.mountain. 

CONJ nine, nine PL.circles.ACC give.PST.PERF collection.DAT GEN.PL.man, who everything.SUPE, desire.NPST power.ACC. 

Because INE.PL.circle bind.PST.PERF strength.ACC CONJ will.ACC govern.NPST each race.DAT. 

But decieve.PST.PERF all.ACC GEN.3PL, because another ABS.circle create.PST.PERF.

INE.land GEN.Mordor AUG.low, INE.PL.fire GEN.mountain GEN.Doom, lord.ERG evil GEN.Sauron create.PST.PERF circle.ACC GEN.lord.ADJ INE.secret, CONJ INE.circle 3SG.ERG pour.PST 3SG.POSS POSD.cruelty, 3SG.POSS POSD.desire GEN.evil CONJ 3SG.POSS POSD.desire dominate.NPST all.DAT GEN.life. 

one ring.INSTR rule.NPST all.ACC GEN.3PL

Translation:

angobiz gwenoxurr cywuwum viz. 

milz codzevadyrd vivizevined, gax gedzoxjud, gloin zalm uzg gloin conjud bizge xonun cydoidoiv.

wezdo codzevadyrd cacalved cywalg, cywavalalg uzg cywaboiboirrz viz cynalalgorr cygul.

uzg levo, levo wuwumed codzevadyrd buzirun cyxuman, ivin xonbeziz, gevo deded.

ce dziwuwum voldvadyrd grulned uzg gevooxed calvax ov buzirun.

idzh davynaxvadyrd xoned cydzadza, ce aca bewum gwenvadyrd. 

dzidug cymordor vizozi, dzilevevoz cygul cydum, calv mjeg cyzarron gwenvadyrd wumed cycalvjud dzibovejud, uzg dziwum dzja muzhva dzjadyv gylglox, dzjadyv gylgevoox cymjeg, uzg dzjadyv gylgevoox dwoiv xonun cyviznul.

ub wumurr dwoiv xoned cydzadza.

The Lord's Prayer in Graedjoan Giantish

Here is a translation of The Lord's Prayer into Graedjoan Giantish. Note that some elements have been changed for giant culture and mythos. The same general idea, however, is being conveyed as closely as is possible. In the footnotes of this post there will be explanations as to some of the changes that were made.

English:

Our Father in heaven, hallowed be your name. Your kingdom come. Your will be done, on earth as it is in heaven. Give us this day our daily bread. And forgive us our debts, as we also have forgiven our debtors. And do not bring us to the time of trial, but rescue us from the evil one.

Gloss:

3PL.POSS POSD.mother* INE.heaven**, 3PL.ERG honor.NPST name.ACC GEN.2SG. ABS.love*** GEN.2SG fated.NPST arrive.NPST. ABS.will GEN.2SG fated.NPST do.NPST.PERF, world.ADE like INE.heaven. give.NPST 3PL.ACC today 3PL.POSS POSD.bread day.ADJ. CONJ end.NPST judgement.ACC GEN.2SG 3PL.DAT 3PL.POSS POSD.PL.debt, like 3PL.ERG end.PST.PERF judgement.ACC GEN.3PL PL.debtor.DAT GEN.3PL CONJ NEG guide.NPST 3PL.ACC INE.time GEN.trail, but save.NPST 3PL.DAT from mjegunezyl.ACC****

Translation:

dzadzadyv gylvizmumu dziindalorr, dzadza indax uvened cydje. bebirr cydje  zol warn. begevox cydje zol zvadyrd, vizgulirr il dziindalorr. codze dzadzaged condo dzadzadyv gyldivyn damvijud. uzg vod avaled cydje dzadzarun dzadzadyv gylozozilox il dzadza vodvadyrd avaled cydzadza wavozoziled cydzadza uzg gax remax dzadzaged dziralv cynul idzh ombal dzadzarun ulv mjegunezyled.

*Mother is used here, instead of father, as the giants do not worship a father-like god. Instead, they believe that the world was created from The Great Mother, Indal, who gave birth to everything.

**If you look, the word for heaven translates literally to “place of Indal,” as this is where the giants believe they will go if they follow the path of righteousness correctly, as given by The Great Mother.

***The reason that love is used here, instead of kingdom, is because there is no conceptualization of a kingdom of The Great Mother that will come to the world at some point in the future. Rather, her love will descend, and bless all of those in the world with eternal life and happiness.

****mjegunezyl is used here, as the concept of “the evil one,” or rather, The Devil, is not quite the same is in Christian mythology. Instead, there is mjegunezyl, the Fallen Son, who rejected the love of his mother, and then, as punishment, was made to rule over the part of the afterlife that those who have not stuck to the path of the Great Mother, and make them suffer until they acknowledge and understand their errors, so that they might pass to wondulorr, and begin their redemption, and eventually accession to indalorr.

Graedjoan Giantish Basic Intransitive Sentences 1

Here are some basic intransitive sentences in Graedjoan Giantish. In all of the examples used below, the sentences will be about the sun shining.

The sun shines.

ABS.sun light.VBZ.NPST

bezun wicax.

The sun is shining

ASB.sun light.VBZ.NPST.PROG

bezun wicaxeguv

The sun shone.

ABS.sun light.VBZ.PST.

bezun wicaxiva

The sun will shine

ABS.sun fated.NPST light.VBZ.NPST

bezun zol wicax

The sun has been shining

ABS.sun light.VBZ.PST.PROG

bezun wicaxivaguv.

The sun is shining again.

ABS.sun relight.VBZ.NPST.PROG

bezun wiwicaxeguv.

The sun will shine tomorrow.

ABS.sun fated.NPST light.VBZ.NPST INE.tomorrow

bezun zol wicax dzigwyrm

The sun shines brightly.

ABS.sun light.VBZ.NPST sun.ADJZ

bezun wicax zunjud.

The bright sun shines.

ABS.sun sun.ADJZ light.VBZ.NPST

bezun zunjud wicax.*

*However, this is redundant, as the sun is bright, and is considered bright alright, hence bright being derived from the word for sun. thus, you would likely just say “the sun shines.” A better example of what this sentence is trying to show, which is an intransitive sentence with the NP having an adjective, would the be following sentence:

The purple sun shines

ABS.sun purple light.VBZ.NPST

bezun balden wicax

The sun is rising now**

ABS.sun REFL.high.VBZ.NPST.PROG

bezun adzjadumboxeguv oiv.

**If you notice, the reflexive is used here. This is because, even though the sun is in the absolutive case due to the verb being intransitive, the sun is viewed as raising itself up, as opposed to a thing that happens to it. This is because the giants view the sun as acting on its own volition.

"Loch Lomond" in Graedjoan Giantish

Loch Lomond Translation:

Verse 1

By yon bonnie banks and by yon bonnie braes,

Where the sun shines bright on Loch Lomond,

Where me and my true love will never meet again

On the bonnie, bonnie banks o' Loch Lomond.

Chorus:

O ye'll tak' the high road, and I'll tak' the low road,

And I'll be in Scotland a'fore ye,

But me and my true love will never meet again,

On the bonnie, bonnie banks o' Loch Lomond.

Verse 2

'Twas then that we parted, in yon shady glen,

On the steep, steep side o' Ben Lomond,

Where in purple hue, the hieland hills we view,

And the moon coming out in the gloaming.

Chorus

Verse 3

The wee birdies sing and the wildflowers spring,

And in sunshine the waters are sleeping.

But the broken heart it kens, nae second spring again,

Though the waeful may cease frae their grieving.

Gloss:

[VERSE 1]

Yonder PL.bank.ADE beauty.ADJ and yonder PL.brae.ADE beauty.ADJ

where sun shine.NPST bright Loch.SUPE Lomond.GEN

Where 1SG.ERG and 1SG.POSS POSD.love true NEG ever remeet.NPST

PL.bank.ADE beauty.ADJ beauty.ADJ loch.GEN Lomond.GEN

[CHORUS]

2SG.ERG travel.NPST.PROG road.INSTR life.GEN and 1SG.ERG travel.NPST.PROG road.INSTR death.GEN

And 1SG.ERG arrive.NONPAST INE.Scotland before 2SG.ERG

But 1SG.ERG and 1SG.POSS love.POSD true never remeet.NPST

PL.bank.ADE beauty.ADJ beauty.ADJ loch.GEN Lomond.GEN

[VERSE 2]

there 1PL.ERG REFL.leave.PAST.PERF, yonder glen.INE shady

side.ADE steep steep mountain.GEN lomond.GEN

Where light.INE purple 1PL.ERG view.NPST.PROG PL.hill.ACC land.high.GEN

And moon.ERG RELF.rise.NPST.PROG twilight.INE

[VERSE 3]

PL.bird.ERG small sing.NPST, and PL.flower.ABS wild spring.NPST

And PL.water sleep.NPST.PROG light.INE sun.GEN

But heart.ERG broken know.NPST, NEG spring two again

However NMZ.PL.mourn.ERG COND end.NPST 3PL mourn.NPST.PROG

Translation:

ad ziziloirr conjud uzg ad gugulalirr conjud

dhoi zun wicax zunjud mumorriz cylomond

dhoi zo uzg zodyv gylbirr gundjud gax alenz brubrul

ziziloirr conjud conjud cymumorr cylomond

dje nulaxeguv nulurr cyviznul uzg zo nulaxeguv nulurr cygedzox

uzg zo warn dzizgadlend uld dje

idzh zo uzg zodyv gylbirr gundjud gax alenz brubrul

ziziloirr conjud conjud cymumorr cylomond

vo zozo azozojirvadyrd ad dzinulorral zhovjud 

dhenirr guljud guljud cygul cylomond

dhoi dziwic balden zozo rogguv gugulaled cydugumb

uzg rem adzadumboxeguv dzizunrem

dje nulaxeguv nulurr cyviznul uzg zo nulaxeguv nulurr cygedzox

uzg zo warn dzizgadlend uld dje

idzh zo uzg zodyv gylbirr gundjud gax alenz brubrul

ziziloirr conjud conjud cymumorr cylomond

gregredal alve ced uzg beloloz idrog nymb

uzg mumum wizgguv dziwic cyzun

idzh birrorr vezjud bol gax bunymboxzi vjeb bidzi

idzh wamemedzda ba vod dzadza medzaguv

dje nulaxeguv nulurr cyviznul uzg zo nulaxeguv nulurr cygedzox

uzg zo warn dzizgadlend uld dje

idzh zo uzg zodyv gylbirr gundjud gax alenz brubrul

ziziloirr conjud conjud cymumorr cylomond

Introduction to Glossing

In order to understand many of the posts that will be on this blog, one must first understand glossing--as it is seldom that languages have one to one translations of words or phrases. Glossing is, put simply, the process of breaking words and phrases down into smaller parts.

First, let us look at an example from English. Take the English word, hills. The word being glossed will appear first in quotes, and the gloss will appear second, without quotes.

"hills" -- hill.PL

The word hill has two parts to it. First, there is the word, "hill," which means...well a hill. Then, there is the affix "-s." The affix "-s," in English, in this instance, means that the noun hill is plural. Thus, you have for the gloss "hill.PL," as "PL" is the abbreviation of plural.

Now, here is a list of common glosses that you will find in my translations. Any glosses seen in translations not on this list can be found here. You will also find links to articles about each of the grammatical functions found below.

Abbreviation	Meaning
PL	Plural
SG	Singular
NPST	Nonpast Tense
ADE	Adessive Case
ADJ or ADJZ	Adjectivizer*
SUPE	Superessive Case
GEN	Genitive Case
ERG	Ergative Case
POSS	Possessive Case
POSD	Possessed Case
NEG	Negation
PROG	Progressive Aspect
INSTR	Intrumental Case
INE	Inessive Case
REFL	Reflexive
1	First Person
2	Second Person
3	Third Person
ACC	Accusitive Case
ABS	Absolutive Case
CONJ	Conjunction
NMZ	Nominalizer
COND	Conditional
ITRT	Intrative Case
SUBE	Subessive Case
DAT	Dative Case
VBZ	Verbalizer**
PERF	Perfect Aspect
IMPERF	Past Imperfect Tense
PST	Past Tense

*There is not a page for an adjectivizer, even though there is a gloss for it. What this means is that the affix is turning the word explicitly into an adjective.

**There is not a page for a verbalizer, even though there is a gloss for it. What this means is that the affix is turning the word into a verb. 

Now that we have the basic idea of how glossing works, I will supply you will a sentence in Graedjoan Giantish, and the gloss. If you'd like, please comment below with what you think it means in English.

"dzigugulal, zun wicaxeguv nulirr."  

INE.PL.mountain.DIM sun.ERG light.VBZ.NPST.PROG river.ADE

Graedjoan Giantish Pronouns

Graedjoan Giantish has six different pronouns. Pronouns in Graedjoan Giantish do not change based off of their syntactic or their semantic role in the sentence, as they instead adopt case markings. The pronouns of Graedjoan Giantish are:

Person	Singular	Plural
1	zo	zozo
2	dje	dede
3	dzja	dzadza

Graedjoan Giantish indicates reflexivity not through separate pronouns, but through affixes on the verb. The reflexive affixes of Graedjoan Giantish are:

Person	Singular	Plural
1	azo	azozo
2	adje	adede
3	adzja	adzadza

NOTE: The second person singular and the third person singular forms of the reflexive affix and pronoun are irregular. This is due to a sound change that occurred in the transition from Early Graedjoan Giantish, where short words ending with a "d" or "dz" and a front vowel had the "d" or "dz" palatalized. 

d, dz --> dj, dzj/__V[+front]#

Graedjoan Giantish Verbs: Tenses and Aspects

In Graedjoan Giantish, verbs are marked for both tense and aspect.

There are three tenses in Graedjoan Giantish: the nonpast, the simple past, and the imperfect past. Verbs do not have an infinitive form.

The nonpast is marked on verbs with a zero morpheme ("-∅"). The nonpast is used for all actions that are occurring in either the present or the future.

The simple past is marked with the affix "-va." The simple past is used for all actions that are occurring in the past.

The imperfect past is marked with the affix "-iz." The imperfect past is used for all actions that are occurring in the past but that are not considered complete by the speaker.

There are simple verbal aspects in Graedjoan Giantish: "the simple", the perfect, and the progressive.

"The simple" aspect is marked on verbs with a zero morpheme ("-∅"). Verbs that are not marked for the perfect, meaning that they have been completed, or that are not marked for the progressive, meaning that they are ongoing, are in "the simple."

The perfect is marked on verbs with the affix "-yrd." Verbs are marked for the perfect if they are viewed by the speaker as having been completed*.

*NOTE: The affix "-yrd" has an alternate form of "-dyrd" which appears when the affix is applied to a verb ending in a vowel.

-yrd --> -dyrd/V__

The progressive is marked with the affix "-guv." Verbs are marked for the progressive if they are viewed as ongoing by the speaker*.

*NOTE: The affix "-guv" has an alternate form of "-eguv" which appears when the affix is applied to a verb ending with the consonants "c" or "x."

-guv --> -eguv/C1__ {where C1 is "c" and "x"}